Seismic passive earth pressure coefficients using the method of characteristics
The method of characteristics was used to generate passive earth pressure coefficients for an inclined wall retaining cohesionless backfill material in the presence of pseudostatic horizontal earthquake body forces. The variation of the passive earth pressure coefficients Kpq and Kpγ with changes in horizontal earthquake acceleration coefficient due to the components of soil unit weight and surcharge pressure, respectively, has been obtained; a closed-form solution for Kpq is also provided. The passive earth resistance has been found to decrease sharply with an increase in the magnitude of horizontal earthquake acceleration. The computed passive earth pressure coefficients were found to be the lowest when compared to all of the previous solutions available in the literature.Key words: earth pressures, earthquakes, method of characteristics, retaining walls, sands.